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Accelerator science research and development has been very active for more than 100 years. High energy particle accelerators have provided many scientific discoveries in the 20th century, and will continue to pave the scientific discoveries in the 21st century. The confirmation of the God particle or the Higgs boson discovery on July 4, 2012 is a clear example. These discoveries led to international efforts for the design and construction of Higgs-factories and a very large hadron collider (VLHC). Accelerator research and development will continue to power innovations in the 21st century.
The success of high brilliance ultrafast femtosecond X-ray laser from the linac- coherent-light-source (LCLS) project drives the construction of the LCLS-II and the X-FEL based on the superconducting linac technology. This also provides incentive for diffraction limited light sources, such as energy recovery linacs, and upgrade of storage ring based light sources.
High power hadron beams have been used in the production of neutron, meson, muon, neutrino beams, that find applications in condensed matter physics, high energy and nuclear physics, and possibly the nuclear transmutation of the nuclear wastes or the “energy amplifiers.” Recent efforts on the Fixed-Field Alternating-Gradient accelerators are of great interests to future high power accelerators.
There are more than 5000 X-ray radiation therapy accelerators in the world. Hundred years of radiation biology research paves the efforts of recent particle (hadron) beam radiotherapy. As of 2017, there are 79 hadron medical centers for particle radiotherapy. There are more than 45 hadron medical centers in the planing stage.
This fourth edition keeps the structure of the previous editions. The design concepts of recent diffraction limited electron storage ring are discussed in Chapter 4.3.
I expand the coverage of the non-linear beam dynamics in Chapter 2. I revise some homework problems, and correct mis-prints in earlier Editions. However, for beginners in accelerator physics, one should study Secs. II-IV in Chapter 2, and Secs. I-II in Chapter 3. Your comments and criticisms to this revised edition are appreciated